They believed they could produce a universal solvent that would dissolve all substances. They believed they could find a substance that would give them eternal life. They attempted to change base metals(lead, tin) into valuable ones like gold, but in the process discovered new elements as well as many facts about existing materials. They believed that some elements could be changed into others. They were part philosopher, mystic, magician, and chemist. Historical Ideas About the Nature of Matter Alchemists 500–1600 AD The alchemists were the first people to perform hands-on experimentation. This model influenced and dominated scientific thinking for almost 2000 years. Historical Ideas About the Nature of Matter Aristotle 350 BCE After the death of Democritus, Aristotle and Socrates rejected the atomic model and adopted Empedocles’ “four element” model. He called these particles “atomos,” which means indivisible. Democritus 400 BCE Democritus suggested matter was made of tiny particles that could not be broken down further. Empedocles 450 BCE Empedocles proposed that matter was composed of four elements: Earth, Water, Air, Fire. Historical Ideas About the Nature of Matter Ancient Greek Philosophers: The ancient Greek philosophers wondered why matter behaves as it does and manipulated ideas in their minds but did almost no experimentation. WHMIS & MSDS Science 10F Unit 2 – Atoms & Elements What is chemistry? Chemistry is the study of MATTER and the changes that take place with matter.
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